Las funciones ejecutivas, la práctica deliberada y la maduración biológica están asociadas con el éxito en el fútbol
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El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar qué variables fueron más importantes para la clasificación final de los equipos. Se consideraron la función ejecutiva, la práctica deliberada y la maduración biológica entre un equipo de mayor y menor ranking en el campeonato. Los 51 jugadores se dividieron en el equipo superior y el inferior. Los jugadores se sometieron a pruebas de señal de stop, fluidez en el diseño y fluidez verbal. La práctica deliberada se preguntó mediante un cuestionario y la maduración biológica se basó en la compensación de la madurez. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con análisis discriminante y comparación entre equipos. Los resultados mostraron un poder discriminatorio en las pruebas de maduración biológica, práctica deliberada y fluidez en el diseño. Los resultados de Stop-Signal muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas a favor del mejor equipo (SSRT: p=0,006 / d=0,84 y MRT: p=0,016 / d=0,74). Además, los jugadores del equipo superior tuvieron más tiempo de práctica deliberado (p<0,000 / d=1,41), así como una maduración más avanzada (p<0,000 / d=1,62) que los jugadores del equipo inferior. Por lo tanto, la función ejecutiva, la práctica deliberada y la maduración biológica parecen ser esenciales para el éxito colectivo del fútbol y deben estimularse en las sesiones de entrenamiento.
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